Comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the older adult population: Evidence from a primary health care setting

Abstract

Background: Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus are significant global health burdens. In 2023, the WHO reported 63 million hypertension cases globally, with incidence rising in Indonesia, particularly in West Nusa Tenggara. Data from the Karang Taliwang Community Health Center in 2024 revealed 2,097 hypertension cases and a notable prevalence of comorbidities in the elderly. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension (Primary/Stage 1) among elderly individuals aged 60–70 years in the working area of Karang Taliwang Community Health Center, Mataram. Methods: This study employed a quantitative case-control design. The population comprised elderly individuals in the working area of the health center. A total of 110 respondents were selected using a total sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test with Continuity Correction. Results: The study found that 75 respondents (68.2%) had a history of hypertension, and a similar proportion (68.2%) suffered from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension in the elderly, with a p-value < 0.05. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension among the elderly aged 60–70 years in Mataram. Advancing age, physical inactivity, and history of disease are critical contributing factors. Integrated management for these comorbidities is recommended to prevent further complications.