Psychological Factors Associated with Self-Management in Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63868/majhs.v1i02.127Keywords:
Faktor Psikologis, Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Distress; Psychological Factors; Self-Management; Systematic Review.Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global chronic disease that not only causes physical complications but also significantly impacts patients' psychological well-being. Conditions such as stress, anxiety, depression, and diabetes distress often act as barriers to effective self-management. Despite their critical role, these non-medical psychological factors frequently receive insufficient attention in standard clinical practice.
Objective: This study aims to systematically analyze existing literature regarding the psychological factors that influence self-management behaviors in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted utilizing the Scopus database for articles published between 2020 and 2024. The search strategy employed predetermined keywords and was filtered based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Selected articles underwent quality evaluation and data synthesis to determine the impact of psychological variables on DM self-management.
Results: The review identified 14 eligible articles. The synthesis of these studies demonstrates a significant correlation between psychological factors—specifically stress levels, diabetes distress, depression, and anxiety—and the success of self-management. High psychological burden negatively affects the efforts made by DM patients, including self-efficacy, strict dietary control, regular exercise, and independent blood glucose monitoring.
Conclusion: Psychological stability is a crucial determinant of successful self-management in DM patients. Addressing stress, distress, depression, and anxiety should be integrated into comprehensive diabetes care to enhance self-management adherence and improve overall health outcomes.
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