Medication adherence among hypertensive patients during the covid-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63868/npjn.v2i1.76Keywords:
Medication adherence; Hypertension; COVID-19 Pandemic; Primary Health Care; Cross-sectional studyAbstract
Background: Adherence is a process that patients must follow in completing treatment regimens and complying with recommendations provided by healthcare professionals and family members. Research has shown that non-adherence to hypertension treatment can hinder blood pressure control, thereby requiring interventions to improve adherence. Hypertension is a chronic condition that must be continuously managed to prevent complications that may lead to death.
Purpose: This study aimed to describe the level of medication adherence among hypertensive patients during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Sosopan Primary Health Center.
Methods: This is a quantitative exploratory study with purposive sampling technique in which samples were selected based on inclusion criteria
Results: A total of 93 patients met the criteria. Data were collected using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire. The study was conducted from February 10 to April 20, 2022. The collected data were analyzed descriptively using frequency distribution analysis. The results showed that 27 respondents (29.0%) had high adherence, 51 respondents (54.8%) had moderate adherence, and 15 respondents (16.1%) had low adherence. The primary reasons for not taking antihypertensive medication regularly during the pandemic included fear of being swabbed at the public health center (24.8%), feeling healthy (19.3%), and forgetting to take their medication (8.3%).
Conclusion and recommendation: These findings indicate that although some patients adhered well to their antihypertensive treatment, a substantial proportion had not yet achieved optimal adherence. Overall, the results highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve medication adherence among hypertensive patients,
References
Ayuchecaria, N., Khairah, S. N., & Feteriyani, R. (2018). Tingkat kepatuhan minum obat pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Pekauman Banjarmasin. Jurnal Insan Farmasi Indonesia, 1(2), 234–242. https://doi.org/10.36387/jifi.v1i2.254
Burnier, M., & Egan, B. M. (2019). Adherence in hypertension: A review of prevalence, risk factors, impact, and management. Circulation Research, 124(7), 1124–1140. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313220
Chow, C. K., Teo, K. K., Rangarajan, S., Islam, S., Gupta, R., Avezum, A., ... & Yusuf, S. (2013). Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural and urban communities in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. JAMA, 310(9), 959–968. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.184182
Edi, I. G. M. S. (2015). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pasien pada pengobatan: Telaah sistematik. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 1(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.36728/jic.v1i1.134
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146
Gómez-Escalonilla Lorenzo, S., Martínez, I., & Notario Pacheco, B. (2023). Influence of COVID-19 on treatment adherence and psychological well-being in a sample of hypertensive patients: A cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04473-2
Haeruddin, H., Ananda, U. D. D., Fachrin, S. A., & Yusuf, R. A. (2021). Faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pengobatan pasien hipertensi pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA), 3(3), 166–176. https://doi.org/10.36590/jika.v3i3.197
Islam, M. T., Arafat, S. M., Chowdhury, A., & Orchi, K. (2025). Role of the Health Belief Model in the management of hypertension: A systematic review. Cureus, 17(10), e94139. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.94139
Kretchy, I. A., Asiedu-Danso, M., & Mahame, F. (2021). Medication adherence and quality of life of patients with hypertension and diabetes amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in a rural setting. PLOS ONE, 16(3), e0249209. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249209
Listiana, D., Effendi, S., & Saputra, Y. E. (2020). Factors associated with obedience of hypertension patient on doing treatment in Karang Dapo Primary Health Care Muratara District. Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kebidanan, 8(1), 11–22.
Mangendai, Y., & Rompas, S. S. H. (2017). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan berobat pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Ranotana Weru. e-journal Keperawatan (e-Kp), 5(1).
Maranon, R., & Reckelhoff, J. F. (2013). Sex and gender differences in control of blood pressure. Clinical Science, 125(7), 311–318. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20130140
Morisky, D. E., Ang, A., Krousel-Wood, M., & Ward, H. J. (2008). Predictive validity of a medication adherence measure in an outpatient setting. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 10(5), 348–354. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7176.2008.07572.x
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2021). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Puskesmas Sosopan. (2020). Profil Puskesmas Sosopan.
Riskesdas. (2018). Laporan nasional RISKESDAS 2018. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.
Saqlain, M., Atif, M., Malik, M. N., Ishtiaq, W., & Chiumento, A. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on medication adherence among patients with hypertension and diabetes: A qualitative insight. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12, 671135. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.671135
Setia, M. S. (2016). Methodology series module 3: Cross-sectional studies. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 61(3), 261–264. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.182410
Soesanto, E. (2021). Hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan upaya perawatan kesehatan lanjut usia dimasa pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat STIKES Cendekia Utama Kudus, 10(2), 170–179.
Tarigan, A. R., & Lubis, Z. S. (2018). Pengaruh pengetahuan, sikap dan dukungan keluarga terhadap diet hipertensi di Desa Hulu Kecamatan Pancur Batu Tahun 2016. Jurnal Kesehatan, 11(1), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.24252/jkesehatan.v11i1.5107
Yonata, A., & Pratama, A. S. P. (2016). Hipertensi sebagai faktor pencetus terjadinya stroke. Jurnal Majority, 5(3), 17–21.
Zahmatkeshan, N., Khademian, Z., Zarshenas, L., & Rakhshan, M. (2021). Experience of adherence to treatment among patients with coronary artery disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. Health Promotion Perspectives, 11(4), 467–475. https://doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2021.59
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Roxana Devi Tumanggor
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
